Sains Malaysiana 53(11)(2024): 3545-3553

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5311-01

Edible Bird’s Nest Soup (EBNS) Serves as Anti-Obesity and Antilipemic After 6-Weeks of Supplementation in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-Fed Rats

(Sup Sarang Burung Walit (EBNS) Berfungsi sebagai Anti-Obesiti dan Antilipemik pada Tikus Selepas 6 Minggu Pemberian Makanan Diet Tinggi Lemak (HFD))

Mohd Noor Akmal^1,*, Abdul Razak Intan-Shameha¹, Mokrish Ajat¹, Md. Zuki Abu Bakar¹, Rozaihan Mansor² & Aini Ideris³

¹Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

²Department of Farm and Exotic Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

³Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 17 Ogos 2023/Diterima: 19 September 2024

Abstract

Traditionally, edible bird’s nest (EBN) has been trusted to have several medicinal effects in the Chinese community. One of the beneficial effects of the EBN is that it is a metabolic stimulator. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of EBN soup (EBNS) and EBN extract (EBNE) on obesity, body fat distribution, blood lipid profile, and cardiogenic indices in high-fat diet-fed rats. Obesity and dyslipidemia in rats were induced with a high-fat diet (HFD) and Triton X-100 (TX100) and supplemented with or without Simvastatin, EBNS, or EBNE for 6-weeks. Final body weight changes and body fat distribution (subcutaneous and visceral fat) were measured. Triglycerides (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were measured by taking blood from the lateral coccygeal vein. Subsequently, cardiogenic indices were calculated (LDL/HDL ratio (LHR) and atherogenic index (AI)). In general, the EBNS demonstrated an anti-obesity and antilipemic effect after 6 weeks of supplementation. A significant reduction in body fat deposition was also recorded in the EBNS group, including subcutaneous and visceral fat. Bad cholesterol (LDL) was significantly maintained in the normal range, and cardioprotectant cholesterol (HDL) was significantly elevated as good as Simvastatin. EBNS supplementation was also significantly predicted to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis development in the rat model. Nonetheless, the EBNE group was not exhibiting equivalent effects as documented in the EBNS group after 6 weeks of supplementation.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; cardiovascular diseases (CVD); dyslipidemia; edible bird’s nest (EBN); obesity 

Abstrak

Secara tradisi, sarang burung walit (EBN) dipercayai oleh masyarakat Cina untuk memberikan beberapa kesan perubatan. Salah satu khasiat perubatan EBN adalah untuk bertindak sebagai penggalak metabolik. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan bagi mengkaji kesan sup EBN (EBNS) dan ekstrak EBN (EBNE) dalam obesiti, taburan lemak badan, profil lipid darah dan indeks kardiogenik di dalam tikus yang diberi makan diet tinggi lemak. Obesiti dan dislipidemia pada tikus telah diaruhkan melalui diet tinggi lemak dan Triton-X 100 (TX100) dan tambahan juga dengan atau tanpa Simvastatin, EBNS atau EBNE selama 6 minggu. Perubahan berat badan akhir dan taburan lemak badan (lemak subkutis dan viseral) telah diukur. Trigliserida (TAG), jumlah kolestrol (TC), lipoprotein ketumpatan-tinggi (HDL), lipoprotein ketumpatan-rendah (LDL) dan lipoprotein ketumpatan-sangat rendah (VLDL) telah dihitung melalui darah yang diambil daripada vena koksigeal. Seterusnya, indeks kardiogenik juga telah dihitung (nisbah LDL/HDL (LHR) dan indeks aterogenik (AI)) di dalam kajian ini. Secara umumnya, EBNS telah menunjukkan kesan anti-obesiti dan antilipemik selepas diambil secara tambahan selama 6 minggu. Penurunan taburan lemak badan secara signifikan di dalam kumpulan EBNS telah direkodkan melalui pengumpulan lemak subkutaneus dan viseral. Kolesterol jahat (LDL) telah berjaya dikekalkan secara signifikan di dalam julat normal dan kolesterol kardioperlindung (HDL) menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan yang setanding dengan Simvastatin. Tambahan EBNS juga dijangka secara signifikan untuk mengurangkan risiko pembentukan penyakit kardiovaskular dan aterosklerosis dalam model tikus ini. Walau bagaimanapun, kumpulan EBNE tidak menunjukkan kesan yang setara dengan EBNS selepas ia diberi secara tambahan selama 6 minggu.

Kata kunci: Aterosklerosis; dislipidemia; obesiti; penyakit kardiovaskular (CVD); sarang burung walit (EBN)

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: akmal.noor@upm.edu.my